Cagrilintide copies amylin, a hormone released alongside insulin from the pancreas after eating. Amylin's job is to signal fullness, slow the stomach and reduce how much glucagon the body releases. It works on a different pathway from GLP-1, which is why researchers pair the two — the combination targets two separate satiety signals at once. It is not approved and remains investigational.
Cagrilintide is a long-acting acylated analogue of human amylin, engineered from a hybrid of human and salmon calcitonin sequences to prevent the amyloid fibrillation that makes native human amylin unsuitable as a drug. A C20 fatty diacid provides albumin binding and weekly dosing. It is a non-selective agonist across the amylin receptor family — heterodimers of the calcitonin receptor with receptor activity-modifying proteins RAMP1, RAMP2 and RAMP3 (AMY1, AMY2, AMY3) — and also activates the calcitonin receptor directly. Satiety signalling is mediated in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius, anatomically and pharmacologically distinct from GLP-1R-mediated satiety. That separation is the rationale for co-formulation with semaglutide as CagriSema: two non-overlapping anorectic pathways with additive effect.